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Archaeology and the Sea in Scandinavia and Britain
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Table of Contents

Foreword (Barbara Crawford & Tinna Damgård-Sørensen); Introduction; I. Studying The Archaeology of Maritime Cultures; The seafarer’s geographical framework; What defines a maritime culture?; The potentials of waterlogged sites; Studying maritime archaeology; The ship; Some aspects of Danish maritime archaeology; Hydrography and shipping lanes; A national and international research programme; The Danish situation; Other ship finds; The Centre for Maritime Archaeology in Roskilde; Publications; Two examples; Hjortspring, a large Pre-Roman war canoe; The history of Skuldelev 2, a Dublin-built 11th–century longship; Shipbuilding resources and craftsmanship; Sea trials and voyages

I I. Boats and Ships Before AD 800; Wood technology and tools; The ethnographical evidence for basic boatbuilding concepts and materials; Skin/hide boats; Bark boats; Logboats; Expanded logboats; Outriggers and composite logboats; Plank boats; The archaeological evidence; Mesolithic boats; Neolithic and Bronze-Age logboats; Bronze-Age logboat-based complex vessels; The Dover boat; The Ferriby boats and the Brigg craft; The concepts of the Bronze-Age boats; Romano-Celtic vessels; Nordic ship images; Hjortspring; Expanded boats; Nydam; Roman influence; Sutton Hoo; Paddles, oars, sail; From Nydam to the Vikings

III. Anglo–Saxon and Scandinavian Longships; The origin of longship concept; Maritime expertise; The source groups; Four conceptual approaches; The vessels of Franks and Frisians; The ships of Britain and Ireland; Ships of Scandinavia and the Baltic area; Viking longships; The Hedeby I longship; The Skuldelev 5 ship; Roskilde 6, a royal longship at the doorstep of the Viking Ship Museum; The Puck longship; The ship as a status object; Names for the ship types; Longships in Central and Southern Europe; Conclusion; The aftermath of the longship period

IV. The Ships of Viking–Age and Medieval Traders and Settlers; The world of the Vikings; Sutton Hoo; The introduction of the sail; Viking expansion, loot or trade?; The early Viking phase, c. 700–840; Trade and early centres; Ribe, the first Danish town?; The middle Viking phase, c. 840–950; The early Christian mission; Vikings in the West; Scandinavian settlement in Scotland and Ireland Ships and boats in Scotland; Othere’s voyages; Wulfstan’s voyage; The late Viking phase, 950–1100; State formation and control of the shipping lanes; The North Atlantic route; Skuldelev 1, a medium-sized Norwegian knorr; Skuldelev 3, a small Danish byrding; Hedeby 3, a large Danish knorr; Scandinavian ships of the period 1100–1250; The Baltic expansion; Large clinker-built cargo ships; Small vessels; Other high–and late–medieval ship types; The early cogs; Later cogs; The hulc; British high–and late–medieval ships; Conclusion

V. The Maritime Cultural Landscpae; The Skuldelev example; Routes across land and sea; Roskilde Fjord; An ancient cultural landscape; Skuldelev fieldwork; Reconstruction of the paleo-landscape; Early warning systems – a hypothetical reconstruction; Lejre – Roskilde – Copenhagen; The coast as a contact zone along the Roskilde Fjord

VI. The Ship as Symbol in the Scandinavian Iron Age and Viking Period; Ship representations in several media; Traditional interpretations; Criteria for boat graves; ‘Rich’ graves with ships and boats; ‘Ordinary’ grave boats; The Slusegård cemetery; Grave 1072; The Slusegaard boat graves in general; Male and female graves; The interpretation of the boat grave custom; The two families of gods; Skidbladnir; The confrontation with the Christian mission; Sutton Hoo; Oseberg; Large stone ships; Transition to Christianity; The source value of icons; Summary of the evidence from boat graves and stone ships; The Valhalla myth; King Scyld and the Beowulf poem; Bibliography; About the author; Index

About the Author

Born 1935, civil engineer and Dr. phil. h.c. by the University of Copenhagen, pioneer of Danish maritime archaeology, now retired, residing in Roskilde, but voluntarily working as a senior researcher affiliated to the Viking Ship Museum in Roskilde.

Reviews

This well-illustrated book presents each of the six lectures as a chapter, and in doing so synthesises the development of Viking age and medieval seafaring, the cultural landscape in which it occurred and the use of a ship as a symbol in society. Undoubtedly this is an important publication in the field of maritime archaeology.' -- British Archaeology British Archaeology The text, along with copious high-quality line art and color images, does much to introduce readers to the complex trade patterns so pivotal to the development of northern Europe. Summing Up: Recommended. General and undergraduate readers.' -- Choice Choice ...a well-written introduction to maritime archaeology designed for students, researchers, and anyone interested in prehistoric and medieval ship studies.' -- The Northern Mariner/le marin du nord The Northern Mariner/le marin du nord ...Crumlin-Pedersen provides a sophisticated analysis of the subject matter that is also clear and readable...' -- International Journal of Maritime History International Journal of Maritime History "This is a highly recommended book for the intermediate or advanced ship modelers library...and not a bad coffee table book for the nautically aware family's living room!" -- Ships in Scale Ships in Scale

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