About the Author

Luigi Russolo (30 April 1883 -- 4 February 1947) was an Italian Futurist painter and composer, and the author of the manifesto The Art of Noises (1913). He is often regarded as one of the first noise music experimental composers with his performances of "noise concerts" in 1913-14 and then again after World War I, notably in Paris in 1921. He is also one of the first theorists of electronic music. Franceso Balilla Pratella (February 1, 1880 -- May 17, 1955) was an Italian composer and musicologist. He joined the Futurist movement in 1910 and composed a number of modernist works for voice as well as for orchestra and chamber ensemble. He is the author of the Manifesto of Futurist Musicians (1910), the Technical Manifesto of Futurist Music (1911) and The Destruction of Quadrature (Distruzione della quadratura), (1912).