Table of Contents

1. Cardiac syndrome X and microvascular angina.- 2. Chest pain with normal coronary arteries: psychological aspects.- 3. Esophageal chest pain.- 4. Esophageal abnormalities and “Linked - Angina” in syndrome X.- 5. Abnormal pain processing in syndrome X.- 6. Insights into the pathophysiology of syndrome X obtained using positron emission tomography (PET).- 7. Myocardial metabolism in cardiac syndrome X.- 8. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiac syndrome X (microvascular angina).- 9. Endothelin: an important mediator in the pathophysiology of syndrome X.- 10. Estrogen deficiency and syndrome X.- 11. Alternative mechanisms for myocardial ischemia in syndrome X - New diagnostic markers.- 12. Increased plasma membrane ion-leakage: A new hypothesis for chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms.- 13. A possible cell membrane defect in chronic fatigue syndrome and syndrome X.- 14. The changing concept of syndrome X.- 15. Assessment of coronary blood flow reserve -Techniques and limitations.- 16. The role of echocardiography in diagnosis and management of cardiac syndrome X.- 17. Imaging in microvascular angina — what’s new?.- 18. Assessment of quality of life in patients with syndrome X.- 19. Treatment of patients with angina and normal coronary arteriograms.- 20. Management strategies for chest pain in patients with normal coronary angiograms.- 21. Abnormal autonomic nervous control of the cardiovascular system.- 22. The metabolic syndrome.- 23. Two syndromes X 251.- 24. Hyperlipidemia and endothelial vasodilator dysfunction: The pathogenetic link to myocardial ischemia.- 25. Microvascular dysfunction in patients with systemic hypertension without left ventricular hypertrophy: The role of nitric oxide.- 26. Microvascular angina and hypertensive left ventricularhypertrophy.- 27. Myocardial ischemia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Clinical assessment and role in natural history.- 28. Microvascular endothelial dysfunction after heart transplantation.

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