About the Author

Patricia Benner, PhD, RN, FAAN, is a professor emerita of nursing in the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Nursing at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). She is a fellow in the American Academy of Nursing and an honorary fellow in the Royal College of Nursing,
United Kingdom.

Christine A. Tanner, RN, PhD, FAAN, is the Youmans-Spaulding Distinguished Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, Oregon.

Catherine A. Chesla, RN, DNSc, FAAN is professor in the Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California, San Francisco.